Tag: simulation

This Compact Analog Laptop Cleverly Calculates Lorenz Attractors for Convection Simulation

Laurent

Pseudonymous university student “CheeenNPP” has developed a personal computer with a change: it is really analog, instead than electronic, and serves to address Lorenz system equations — supplying butterfly-like Lorenz attractor answers as its output.

“One of the main applications of analog circuits is to resolve mathematical issues, this kind of as making a circuit corresponding to a non-linear differential equation and examining the phase airplane attributes of it by observing its output voltage with an oscilloscope or analog plotter,” CheeenNPP describes of the project. “I will take a well known non-linear differential equation, the Lorenz Attractor, as an illustration, and clearly show the complete procedure of fixing it with an analog circuit.”

There is no processor in sight, but this analog pc can address Lorenz procedure equations even so. (????: CheeenNPP)

A technique of a few equations created by Edward Lorenz, Ellen Fetter, and Margaret Hamilton in 1963, the Lorenz system delivers a simplified mathematical design of atmospheric convection primarily based on a two-dimensional fluid layer which is warned from below and cooled from earlier mentioned. It really is most well known for the Lorenz attractor solution family, which makes a sample not as opposed to the wings of a butterfly — and it’s these solutions CheeenNPP’s analog laptop or computer is built to give.

“Integral: use [an] inverting integrator circuit, but temporarily discard the resistor, which is equivalent to integrating the enter latest and multiplying by -1,” CheeenNPP points out of how their development is effective. “Multiplying by -1: use the inverting amplifier and established the two resistors with the exact benefit. Addition: use present-day summation alternatively of voltage, so the kind is more simple. Multiplying by a regular k: use a resistor with a resistance of 1/k, the voltage throughout it is transformed into a current and output as a final result. Multiplication: implemented applying a focused voltage multiplier.”

The underside of the board hosts incredibly neat solder inbound links alongside with jumper wires. (????: CheeenNPP)

Following LTSpice simulation to demonstrate the notion, CheeenNPP established about making it on a prototyping board — ensuing in a astonishingly

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How to take a look at irrespective of whether we’re dwelling in a computer system simulation

Laurent

by Melvin M. Vopson

Credit rating: NASA, ESA, CSA, STScI

Physicists have prolonged struggled to demonstrate why the universe begun out with circumstances acceptable for existence to evolve. Why do the bodily legal guidelines and constants choose the quite certain values that allow for stars, planets and in the long run lifestyle to acquire? The expansive drive of the universe, darkish electricity, for example, is a lot weaker than principle implies it should really be—allowing subject to clump alongside one another fairly than being ripped apart.

A typical answer is that we stay in an infinite multiverse of universes, so we should not be amazed that at least one universe has turned out as ours. But a further is that our universe is a computer simulation, with an individual (potentially an innovative alien species) great-tuning the situations.

The latter choice is supported by a branch of science called information and facts physics, which suggests that area-time and make a difference are not elementary phenomena. In its place, the physical reality is fundamentally built up of bits of facts, from which our knowledge of place-time emerges. By comparison, temperature “emerges” from the collective motion of atoms. No one atom basically has temperature.

This leads to the incredible risk that our complete universe may possibly in reality be a computer simulation. The notion is not that new. In 1989, the legendary physicist, John Archibald Wheeler, advised that the universe is fundamentally mathematical and it can be observed as emerging from facts. He coined the well-known aphorism “it from little bit.”

In 2003, philosopher Nick Bostrom from Oxford University in the British isles formulated his simulation speculation. This argues that it is in fact really possible that we live in a simulation. That is for the reason that an state-of-the-art civilisation really should attain a place where by their technological know-how is so sophisticated that simulations would be indistinguishable from fact, and the contributors would not be conscious that they ended up in a simulation.

Physicist Seth Lloyd from the Massachusetts Institute of Know-how in the US

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College football odds, picks, predictions for Week 2, 2022: Proven simulation backing Pittsburgh, Iowa State

Laurent

No. 16 Arkansas opened its season with an impressive win over then-No. 23 Cincinnati last week, but the Razorbacks will have to back up that performance when they host South Carolina on Saturday afternoon during the Week 2 college football schedule. South Carolina got off to a strong start of its own, easily covering the 12.5-point spread in a 35-14 win over Georgia State. The Gamecocks have won the past three meetings against Arkansas, but the Razorbacks hold a 13-10 edge in the all-time series. Caesars Sportsbook has Arkansas listed as an 8.5-point favorite in the latest Week 2 college football odds.

Another SEC showdown in Week 2 pits No. 12 Florida vs. No. 20 Kentucky on Saturday night. The Gators are 5.5-point home favorites in the Week 2 college football spreads, but which team should you back with your Week 2 college football bets? Before locking in any Week 2 college football picks for those games or others, be sure to see the latest college football predictions from SportsLine’s advanced computer model.

The SportsLine Projection Model simulates every FBS college football game 10,000 times. Over the past six-plus years, the proprietary computer model has generated a stunning profit of almost $3,500 for $100 players on its top-rated college football picks against the spread. It enters Week 2 of the 2022 college football season on a 48-37 run on all top-rated college football spread and money-line picks that dates back to 2021. Anyone who has followed it has seen huge returns.

Now, it has turned its attention to the latest Week 2 college football odds from Caesars and locked in picks for every FBS matchup. Head here to see every pick.

Top college football predictions for Week 2

One of the college picks the model is high on in Week 2: The Pittsburgh Panthers (+6) stay within the spread against the Tennessee Volunteers in a 3:30 p.m. ET matchup at Acrisure Stadium in Pittsburgh. Tennessee cruised to a 59-10 win over Ball State last week, but Pittsburgh picked up a win over a quality opponent with its 38-31

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Computer simulation of Champlain Towers collapse

Laurent

Deflection and steel stress patterns from the LS Dyna model of Champlain Towers South built by engineering professor Dawn Lehman and her team at the University of Washington.

Deflection and steel stress patterns from the LS Dyna model of Champlain Towers South built by engineering professor Dawn Lehman and her team at the University of Washington.

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Seven minutes to collapse

Witness accounts, visible damage and a computer model offer insights into how a pool deck cave-in spread, resulting in the catastrophic failure at Champlain Towers.

The grainy security footage released hours after Champlain Towers South crashed to the ground left many assuming the tower went down without warning in mere seconds. But a recent Miami Herald investigation based on 10 key eyewitness accounts found the collapse began somewhere on the pool deck seven minutes before the northern wing of the residential tower fell.

The Herald partnered with University of Washington engineering professor Dawn Lehman to build a computer model and explore the following critical questions raised by their experiences: Where exactly could this collapse have started and how did it spread across the pool deck and into the tower to become one of the deadliest collapses in modern history?

The witnesses described the collapse sequence as a three-part failure, each with distinct sounds that engineers can use as clues when they try to piece together what happened. First, there was a series of intermittent but distinct — and increasingly loud — booms from just before 1 a.m. The loudest and final booms in the series came at 1:14 a.m. People heard the sounds on the first floor and in the basement but saw nothing, likely indicative of an initial rebar failure.

At 1:15 a.m. the western half of the pool deck and part of the valet parking area collapsed in one loud cascade of concrete. Witnesses described the collapsed region as initiating from the southern perimeter wall and extending to the northern edge of the pool deck, where a video shows the debris from the deck collapse at Column Line 9.1 near the southern edge of the 12-story tower. (That portion of the building was covered with debris after the tower fell and therefore the exact boundary is unknown.)

For seven minutes, the building creaked and

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